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More than 650 retail broadband brands sell UK home internet, which sounds like enormous diversity until you look one layer down. Most of them resell a single wholesale access network, Openreach, which reaches around 23 million premises. Openreach runs the physical line but does not hand out the customer's public IP: that comes from the retail provider's own network. So the address a site actually sees clusters by retail ISP, and the big four carry roughly four in five UK connections between them. Mobile is the same shape, only starker: the two largest UK mobile brands by customer count both ride Virgin Media O2's network, so a Tesco Mobile or Sky Mobile IP is physically a Virgin Media O2 IP.

For a proxy buyer that is the fact that matters. A UK pool can look varied by brand and still be concentrated across a handful of networks, which is precisely what a detection system keys on. It is why the live picture on our free list is worth more than a headline count: what you want to know is which networks the addresses actually sit on, not how many logos are involved.

UK residential and ISP addresses come off the consumer networks behind those retail brands: BT and EE, Sky, Virgin Media O2, and the growing altnet fibre players. One detail shapes pool quality more than most people expect: Virgin Media O2, the UK's second-largest broadband network, still does not give residential customers native IPv6, which is a big part of why the UK sits mid-table on IPv6 while Germany runs far ahead. Mobile is now three host networks after Vodafone and Three merged into VodafoneThree in 2025, so UK per-GB mobile rides one of those three radio networks.

On the rules: the UK runs UK GDPR plus the Data (Use and Access) Act that passed in 2025, and the Computer Misuse Act draws a hard line at access you were not authorised to have. Britain also regulates online safety more actively than most of its neighbours, and enforcement is real rather than theoretical. We sell UK infrastructure for legitimate business use, our terms require you to respect UK law and each site's own rules, and anything touching personal data or protected access is a question to take seriously and, where it matters, to a lawyer.